INDUKSI PROTOCORM LIKE BODIES (PLB) ANGGREK CATTLEYA TERHADAP KONSENTRASI BENZYL AMINO PURINE (BAP) DAN NAPHTHALENE ACETIC ACID (NAA) SECARA IN VITRO

Abstract

Orchids are one of the horticultural plants that are highly sought after due to their beautiful flowers, playing an important role in agriculture as ornamental plants, both for cut flowers and potted flowers. One of the most popular types of orchids is the Cattleya orchid, which has distinctive characteristics, including large, beautiful, brightly colored, and fragrant flowers. Orchid propagation is usually done using seeds. Tissue culture (in vitro) techniques are needed for orchid propagation, as tissue culture (in vitro) is a method capable of producing plants quickly in large quantities and yielding plants with traits identical to the parent. In this context, the addition of growth regulators is necessary to enhance the effectiveness of the media used. Therefore, research was conducted on the induction of Cattleya orchid PLBs in response to different concentrations of BAP and NAA in vitro. This study aims to determine the optimal concentrations of BAP and NAA for the growth and development of Cattleya orchid PLBs. This research was conducted from November 2023 to February 2024 at the Agronomy Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology and Tissue Culture, Department of Agricultural Cultivation, University of Bengkulu. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors. The first factor was the concentration of BAP: B0 = 0 ppm/L, B1 = 1 ppm/L, B2 = 2 ppm/L, and B3 = 3 ppm/L. The second factor was the concentration of NAA: N0 = 0 ppm/L, N1 = 0.5 ppm/L, and N2 = 1 ppm/L. Observational variables included leaf color, plant height, number of leaves, root length, number of roots, and number of shoots. The observational data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. A BAP concentration of 0 ppm had an effect on plant height, root length, and number of roots. In contrast, NAA concentrations of 0.5 ppm and 1 ppm had an optimum effect on plant height and number of shoots. There was also an interaction between a BAP concentration of 0 ppm and an NAA concentration of 0.5 ppm on plant height and number of roots.