PERTUMBUHAN STEK KOPI ROBUSTA SINTARO 1 DENGAN PEMBERIAN KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK BAWANG MERAH

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the major exporters of coffee plants, with the majority produced by smallholder plantations. The most widely cultivated coffee plant is Robusta coffee, specifically the Sintaro 1 clone, which originates from Sindang Dataran, Rejang Lebong Regency. This study employs vegetative propagation techniques using stems/branches of Robusta coffee Sintaro 1 and natural growth regulators (PGRs). Red onion is a plant that can be used as a natural growth regulator and contains auxin and gibberellin hormones. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different concentrations of red onion extract on the growth of Robusta coffee Sintaro 1 cuttings. The study was conducted from March to June 2024 at the UPT-Laboratory of the Pat Petulai University Faculty of Agriculture's experimental garden. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of five treatments with varying concentrations of red onion extract: P0 (No Treatment), P1 (100 ml), P2 (200 ml), P3 (300 ml), and P4 (400 ml), each with four replications. The results indicate that red onion extract treatments significantly affected several growth variables of Robusta coffee Sintaro 1 cuttings. The observed variables included shoot age, shoot length, number of leaves, leaf width, and shoot diameter. Red onion extract can be a potential alternative for accelerating the growth of Robusta coffee Sintaro 1 cuttings. Treatment P3, with 300 ml of red onion extract and 1 liter of water, showed the best results with shoot age (23.20 days), shoot length (1.42 cm), number of leaves (2 leaves), and leaf width (0.95 mm), although it was not significantly different from other treatments.